Though highly impacting our lives, rotating turbulent flows are not well understood. These anisotropic three-dimensional fluctuating flows are governed by different nonlinear processes, each of which can be dominant in a different range of parameters. More than 20 years ago, Galtier used weak wave t…

In Type II superconductors, the vortex lattice can exhibit inverse melting, transitioning from a liquid to a crystalline solid as temperature increases. While recently observed via scanning tunneling microscopy in a 20 nm thick amorphous ${\mathrm{Re}}_{6}\mathrm{Zr}$ thin film, this work investigat…

A key property of superconductors called superfluid stiffness can now be measured in a wide range of 2D systems.

A scale-by-scale analysis of energy flux in the turbulent cascade can be performed using the spatially filtered magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, while the gradient tensor invariants are widely used to characterize the structure of velocity and magnetic fields. Physical mechanisms responsible for…

Supercomputer simulations reveal how turbulence supports a Goldilocks regime for operating a fusion reactor.

The motion of gas bubbles in liquids plays a vital role in numerous natural, industrial, and everyday phenomena. Unlike solid particles, gas bubbles are nearly weightless and highly responsive to forces from the surrounding fluid. Their dynamics are affected by added mass acceleration and deformable surfaces, and also by interactions with turbulent flows, other bubbles, and walls, with liquid rheology and surfactants further influencing their behavior. This review examines the intricate behavior of noncondensable gas bubbles, highlighting key advances over the past 20 years. Key topics include turbulence, non-Newtonian fluids, and electrolytes, offering insights to enhance modeling and guide future research in two-phase flow systems.

Rayleigh-Bénard convection is the flow in a closed box heated from below and cooled from above. The ultimate regime of Rayleigh-Bénard turbulence occurs when the dimensionless temperature difference between the bottom and top plates is large. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the theoretical approaches to the ultimate regime and of the experimental and numerical results on the transition to this regime. These are reconciled by realizing that the transition is of non-normal–nonlinear nature, as typical for the laminar to turbulent transition in shear flow. The review also suggests experimental and numerical approaches to further understand the transition to the ultimate regime.

Probing of electromagnetic fields in high-energy-density experiments is key to understanding questions in fusion processes such as how the fields are compressed, diffuse through the plasma, and can seed instabilities. Many kinetic processes studied, including collisionless shocks, filamentary instabilities, jets, magnetic reconnection, and turbulence, all depend on the field structure. In this review, an overview of experimental techniques and the underpinning theoretical principles and modeling of proton-based imaging is presented, followed by a review of experiments and an outlook for future frontiers in the technique.

We consider the long-term dynamics of nonlinear dispersive waves in a finite periodic domain. The purpose of the work is to show that the statistical properties of the wave field rely critically on the structure of the discrete resonant manifold (DRM). To demonstrate this, we simulate the two-dimens…

We study implications of the assumption of power-law dependence of moments of energy dissipation in turbulence on the Reynolds number $\mathrm{Re}$, holding due to intermittency. We demonstrate that at $\mathrm{Re}→∞$ the dissipation's logarithm divided by $ln\mathrm{Re}$ converges with probability …

A central problem of turbulence theory is to produce a predictive model for turbulent fluxes. These have profound implications for virtually all aspects of the turbulence dynamics. In magnetic confinement devices, drift-wave turbulence produces anomalous fluxes via cross-correlations between fluctua…